Composante langue orale, phonétique et phonologie
Devoir sur table d'avril 1997, proposé par M. FRYD et J.-L. DUCHET
Corrigé disponible sous forme de page web.
Les questions auxquelles l'étudiant doit répondre sont à la fin du document.
'PROBE THE DRUG PROFITS AND DON'T TAKE IT OUT OF MOTHERS AND CHILDREN'.
By Hugh Pilcher
TWO men who are poles apart in personality last night dominated Parliament's fiercest battle since the 1959 election: Mr. George Brown and Mr. Enoch Powell, the Health Minister.
Mr. Brown, passionate and warm-hearted, led Labour's attack on the higher health charges. Mr. Powell, white-faced and outwardly unemotional, replied with a statistical statement and ended by inciting Labour MPs to angry uproar.
One dealt with the human issue behind the Health Service; the other tried to show that the balance-sheet must always come first.
The result of the vote was not in doubt. For the Tories were massed in answer to their whips to defeat a censure motion on the Government for "undermining the Health Service" and placing heavy burdens on those least able to bear them.
Mr. Brown declared that the policy under censure was monstrous. It had offended many people far beyond the ranks of Labour supporters. The Press, many doctors and public were denouncing the proposals.
THE LETTER.
He quoted from this letter which Mr. Gaitskell had received:
"My background is a doctor of 68, who has practised medicine for 43 years, chiefly as a panel doctor.
"I am a lifelong Conservative. I am horrified and amazed by my party's proposal to prostitute the whole principle of the State service and to render that service a hardship to poor people.
"After a lifetime of helping others and healing the sick, my considered opinion is that anybody supporting the increased charges is a wicked, old fool."
Mr. Brown went on: "We are dealing with a noble edifice which needs an imaginative architect to improve it, but it has got a quantity surveyor. We have descended from the real problems to fiddling about with bills of cost.
"We believe that a comprehensive medical service, free to the patient at the point of need and with one standard for all sick people, is good and attainable. [END QUOTE]
DIFFERENT
"We remain for it. But the Tories never were."
Interrupted by angry Tories, Mr. Brown retorted: "The jackals bay when there is nothing better they can do."
He told them that their conception of social services was wholly different, fundamentally different, from that of Labour.
They would provide an ambulance service for the absolutely wretched but it would not be too comfortable nor too easy to get.
Answering jeers that it was Labour which first put a ceiling on health spending and started charges, Mr. Brown reminded the hostile Government benches that was done in 1950 because of the financial strain of the Korean war.
In fact, the Tories made it worse now for the sick and needy than Labour had to make it in 1950. And as a percentage of social service expenditure, health had fallen from 28.5 to 23.1 per cent.
Then Mr. Brown swung his attack directly to the unsmiling Mr. Powell.
He demanded that instead of taking it out of the patients Mr. Powell should take ruthless action against the drug making industry, whose profits had risen by up to 400 per cent. in the last eight years.
"Mr. Powell finds it easier to take it out of mothers, children and sick people than to take on this vast industry," Mr. Brown commented icily.
"Let us have a full inquiry into the cost of drugs and the pharmaceutical industry."
The health of children today owed much to the welfare food scheme. It was maintained during the war. Now in conditions of Tory affluence it seemed it could not be carried on.
When Mr. Brown sat down Labour M Ps cheered for a full minute and even his bitterest opponents on defence joined in.
THE CHOICE
Mr. Powell devoted half his speech to giving details of plans for improving the hospital service, on which indeed the Government is making progress.
His basic defence of the Health Service cuts was that "even after the proposed changes the net cost of the service to the Exchequer will have increased over three years by 20 per cent.
"That cannot continue without either development being limited or an adjustment being made in financing."
The Government decided to adjust the financing which Mr. Powell claimed was underpinning not undermining the service.
Answering the attack on "economic charges" for welfare foods, Mr. Powell said that all these foods would still be free in families receiving regular National Assistance grants.
Of the doubled prescription charge his argument was: "It is ludicrous exaggeration to say that by and large a 2s. charge is any more of a burden than a 1s. charge was in 1949."
'RESIGN'.
Uproar from the Labour side grew as Mr. Powell made more and more claims with which M Ps disagreed.
Questions
1. Quelle caractéristique commune y a-t-il phonétiquement entre:
issue (l. 7), social (l. 33) et motion (l. 10)?
2. Qu'y a-t-il de commun et qu'y a-t-il de différent dans la valeur de la voyelle accentuée entre warm (l. 4) et quantity (l. 25). Expliquez pourquoi.
3. Comment les mots angry (6) et easy (l. 36) se lient-il phonétiquement à leur environnement ? Expliquez.
4. Justifiez, en utilisant les règles que vous connaissez, le placement des accents et la valeur de la voyelle accentuée dans:
ludicrous, exaggeration (l. 66), children (l. 47), undermining (l. 10), proposals (l. 14), surveyor (l. 25), attainable (l. 28), increased (l. 23), pharmaceutical (l. 49), affluence (l. 51).
5. Transcrivez phonétiquement, et expliquez placement de l'accent, forme réduite et liaison dans les séquences suivantes: After a lifetime (l. 22), for all (l. 28), for it (l. 30).
6. Transcrivez phonétiquement tout le passage qui va des lignes 55 à 61. (de THE CHOICE à financing).